Posterizing Images

Objective
Posterizing is a technique used to simplify the range of values in a photograph, reducing the number of distinct tones while also streamlining the shapes in the image. This process creates a “poster-like” effect, which makes it easier to identify values clearly.

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When to Use Posterizing

This method is especially useful when you need to:

• Recognize the notan structure of a scene before conducting a notan study.
• Verify whether your completed artwork retains a strong notan design.
• Compare the notan in your finished piece to your initial quick sketch to ensure consistency with your original vision.
• Analyze the notan composition in a master artist’s work.
• Plan the values in your painting to enhance realism and depth.

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Steps to Posterize an Image

To apply this technique, you will need image editing software. Popular choices include:

• Adobe Photoshop (paid software)
• Paint.NET (free option)
• Other tools bundled with digital cameras (refer to the provided user guide and search for the “posterize” feature).

If you lack access to such software, many digital cameras allow you to capture black-and-white images. While these won’t offer simplified values, viewing the monochrome image can still help identify value structures more effectively than in full-color photos.

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Tips for Best Results

• Begin by removing color information from the photograph by converting it to grayscale. This ensures a more accurate representation of the tonal range.
• Once the image is in black and white, apply the “posterize” feature in your chosen software to reduce the values to a manageable number.

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Software Options and Instructions

Using Photoshop

1. Open the desired photo by selecting File > Open.
2. Convert the image to grayscale by navigating to Image > Mode > Grayscale.
3. Access the posterize feature by choosing Image > Adjustments > Posterize. Specify the number of values (e.g., 3) and click OK.
4. Evaluate the result against your initial notan study.
5. Save your work as a JPEG using File > Save As.

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Using GIMP

1. Open your photo through File > Open.
2. Convert it to black and white by selecting Colors > Desaturate.
3. Apply posterization by choosing Colors > Posterize, set the desired number of levels (e.g., 3), and click OK.
4. Compare the result with your notan study for accuracy.
5. Save the file by selecting File > Export and entering a name.

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Using Paint.NET

1. Open the image via File > Open.
2. Remove the color by selecting Adjustments > Black and White.
3. Posterize the image through Adjustments > Posterize. Adjust sliders to define the number of values, such as 3.
4. Check the posterized result against your original notan plan.
5. Save the file by choosing File > Save As and specifying a name.

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Tips for Manual Adjustments

When relying on software for posterization, be aware that it may not always produce the best results. For example, the program might incorrectly assign a darker value to areas that should appear lighter. Manually selecting values and repainting the scene can often yield a more realistic and accurate representation. Compare the software’s output with your manual work to make the necessary adjustments.

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Annotating Values on Images

When preparing for a painting or analyzing an image, it can be helpful to label values directly on the photo. This technique is useful for:

• Assigning value numbers for study or assignments.
• Highlighting key focus areas.
• Planning tonal arrangements in your work.

Steps in Photoshop

1. Open the image via File > Open.
2. Use the Text Tool (denoted as “T”) to label values.
3. Adjust the font, size, or color as needed through the options bar.
4. Save the annotated image as a JPEG by using File > Save As.

Steps in GIMP

1. Open the photo through File > Open.
2. Use the Text Tool in the toolbar to label areas.
3. Adjust text properties as needed.
4. Save the annotated image through File > Export.